The Urban SOS project came about to provide academics, social work students and professionals in the field with a theoretical and analytical framework based on solid research data, which can be used to identify and question unfair policies, or structures, which get in the way of individual, community, and societal prosperity. Our ambition is to revive and reinforce already existing theory and methods such as advocacy and activism, which historically have been effective in the struggle for creating more socially just cities—in any given national or local context.